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Green Bond What Is a Green Bond? A green bond is a bond specifically earmarked to be used for climate and environmental projects. These bonds are typically asset-linked and backed by the issuer's balance sheet, and are also referred to as climate bonds. The  World Bank   is a major issuer of green bonds. World Bank green bonds finance projects around the world, such as India's Rampur Hydropower Project, which aims to provide low-carbon hydroelectric power to northern India's electricity grid. Green bonds are designated bonds intended to encourage sustainability and to support climate-related or other types of special environmental projects. More specifically, green bonds finance projects aimed at energy efficiency, pollution prevention, sustainable agriculture, fishery and forestry, the protection of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, clean transportation, sustainable water management and the cultivation of environmentally friendly technologies. Green...

                                                                                           RIVER ISSUES  1. India faces the dual problems of droughts and floods. In light of this discuss the importance of river inter-linking in India.   India has limited water resources. Every year India face situation of floods and droughts in different parts. The interlinking of river project can resolve this issue. It is a geo-engineering project, which aims to link two or more rivers by creating a network of manually created canals. It is based on the concept of diverting surplus water in some rivers to deficit rivers by creating a network of canals to interconnect the rivers. Importance and advantages of interlinking River project: 1 . Agric...

                                                                                          GSP GSP is a preferential tariff system extended by developed countries to developing countries. It is a preferential arrangement in the sense that it allows concessional low/zero tariff imports from developing countries. It was  formulated under the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). As per the WTO, India is a beneficiary of GSP provided by Armenia, Australia, European Union, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Russian Federation, Switzerland and Turkey . Women’s   Livelihood   Bonds   (WLBs) ,  The World Bank, UN Women, and SIDBI have collaborated to launch the social impact bonds exclusively for women,...

The Government of India levies two types of taxes on the citizens of India – Direct Tax and Indirect Tax. Indirect taxes are usually transferred to another person after being initially levied as a direct tax. Common examples of an indirect tax include Goods and Services Tax (GST) and VAT. Direct taxes , usually levied on a person’s income are paid directly by taxpayers or an organization to tax authorities of the Government of India. The person or organization in question cannot transfer this type of tax to another person or entity for payment. Some of the examples of direct taxes include income tax and corporate tax. The various types of direct taxes levied on citizens by the Government of India are as follows: 1) Corporate Tax ● Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) ● Fringe Benefits Tax (FBT) ● Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) ● Securities Transaction Tax (STT) 2) Income Tax 3) Capital Gains Tax

Disinvestment is the process of reducing the share of government in public sector undertakings. Disinvestment of a minority stake in PSUs can be done in the following ways : ● Initial Public Offering (IPO) : an offer of shares by an unlisted PSU to the public for the first time. ● Follow-on Public Offering (FPO) : also known as Further Public Offering, it's an offer of shares by a listed PSU. ● Offer for sale (OFS) : shares of a PSU are auctioned on the platform provided by the stock exchange. This mode has been used extensively by the government since 2012. ● Institutional Placement Programme (IPP) : under this, only selected financial institutions are allowed to participate and the government stake is offered to only such institutions. E.g., mutual funds,insurance, and pension funds such as LIC etc. ● CPSE Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) : Through this route, the government can divest its stake in various PSUs across diverse sectors through a single offering...

Explain the policies adopted by our govt to control population. Five-Year Plans by the Government of India for population control First Five Year Plan : India is the first country in the world to begin a population control programme in 1952. It emphasized the use of natural devices for family planning. Second Five Year Plan : Work was done in the direction of education and research and the clinical approach was encouraged. Third Five Year Plan : In 1965, the sterilization technique for both men and women was adopted under this plan. The technique of copper- T was also adopted. An independent department called the Family Planning Department was set up. Fourth Five-Year Plan : All kinds of birth control methods (conventional and modern) were encouraged. Fifth Five Year Plan : Under this plan the National Population Policy was announced on 16 April, 1976. In this policy, the minimum age for marriage determined by the Sharda Act, 1929 was increased. It increased th...

Tribal and civilian revolt were a reaction to an alien unfeeling  administration. Elucidate with reference to the British tribal  policy in Bengal and Eastern India in 19th century. Ans: At the time of British advent, India was having a thick forest cover and mostly inhabited by the tribals who had an association of harmonious sustenance with nature. But with the increase of the British commercial interests, the tribal way of life and their relationship with the forest got affected. Causes: ● The tribals’ mainstay were shifting agriculture(Jhum, podu, etc), hunting, fishing and the use of forest produce. There were restrictions imposed on the use of forest produce, on shifting agriculture and on hunting practices. This led to loss of livelihood for the tribals. ● The British introduced a large number of outsiders - moneylenders, traders and revenue farmers as middlemen among the tribals who took possession of tribal lands and put the tribals in a web of debt. ● The ...